Systemic conditions involving orbit

Thyroid Ophthalmopathy

Physiological dysfunction of thyroid leads to hyperplasia of extra-ocular muscles and orbital tissues. This results in overcrowding of the tissues in a bony orbital cavity exerting pressure over the globe and optic nerve. Pressure upon the globe ultimately increases intra-ocular pressure and damage to delicate retinal nerve fibres. With all these patient's visual acuity is threatened. the clinical symptoms e.g. lid lag, proptosis and restriction of ocular movements etc. prompt clinician to do something in form of investigating the patient and subject to proper management. that may be from waiting and watching to corticosteroids to anti thyroid treatment to variable orbital wall decompression.

Orbital Cysticercus

nilateral proptosis, ptosis, inflammatory signs in the orbit with or without restriction of movement or diplopia in India, one must think of orbital cysticercus. MRI orbit (sometimes USG) with scolex inside the cyst is diagnostic. Treatment with initial corticosteroids followed by Albendazole along with corticosteroids and ranitidine actually cures the patient.

Others

All other conditions associated with systemic diseases must be dealt and treated as per the cause.